| Reactive oxygen species |
|
1O2
|
Singlet oxygen |
Electronically excited state of molecular oxygen |
|
H2O2
|
Hydrogen peroxide |
Simplest peroxide with oxygen-oxygen single bond |
| HOO-
|
Hydroperoxyl radical |
Free radical; protonated form of superoxide |
| HO-
|
Hydroxy radical |
Free radical; neutral form of hydroxide ion (HO-) |
| O2
|
Superoxide anion |
Free radical; dioxide (1-); product of 1 e- reduction of dioxygen |
| O3
|
Ozone |
Trioxygen; an allotrope of oxygen |
| OCl-
|
Hypochloride anion |
Salt of hypochlorous acid |
| ROOH |
Hydroperoxide |
Organix peroxide, protonated peroxyl radical |
| ROO-
|
Peroxyl radical |
Free radical; lipid peroxyl radical when R is a lipid carbon |
| RO-
|
Alkoxyl radical |
Free radical; lipid alkoxyl radical when R is a lipid carbon |
| Reactive nitrogen species |
| NO |
Nitric oxide |
Nitrogen-centered free radical |
| N2O |
Nitrous oxide |
'Laughing gas', reacts with oxygen to generate nitric oxide |
| ONOO-
|
Peroxynitrite |
Product of the reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide |
|
*NO2
|
Nitrogen dioxide |
Free radical, derived from peroxynitrite |
| N2O3
|
Dinitrogen trioxide |
Product of reaction between nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide |
| ONOOH |
Peroxynitrous acid |
Protonated form of peroxynitrite |
| NO-
|
Nitroxyl anion |
Conjugate base of nitroxyl |
| NO+
|
Nitrosyl cation |
Also, nitrosonium cation |
| HNO2
|
Nitrous acid |
Weak monobasic acid |
| NO2Cl |
Nitrosyl chloride |
Derived from nitrite and hypochlorous acid |
| NO2-
|
Nitrite |
Anion, generated from nitric oxide |
| NO2+
|
Nitronium ion |
Also nitryl ion, generated from the removal of e- from nitrogen dioxide or protonation of nitric acid |
| RSNOs |
Nitrosothiols |
Formed by covalent addition of nitric oxide to cysteine and protein or nonprotein sulfhydryl residues |
